Industrial Relations- Meaning and Definitions
Meaning
The term ‘Industrial Relations’ refers to all types of relationships between all the parties concerned with industry. The parties related to industry are the workers and the management representing the owners. Thus, industrial relations connote a vast complex relationships between management and employees, union and management, union and employees and between employees themselves. Both parties to industrial relations have a common interest in industry, but m any a time, they are found to be pulling in different directions which leads to industrial unrest. Therefore, it has become necessary to secure the cooperation of both workers and management to achieve good industrial relations.
Besides management and workers, State is another party associated with industrial relations. The interference of Government in industrial relations through legal and administrative measures is quite common. Thus, the area of industrial relations has been extended to relations among the State, employer and employees. Such relations are however, complex and multidimensional, resting on economic, social, psychological, ethical, occupational, political and legal levels.
Definitions
- According to Michael Armstrong
Industrial Relations is concerned with the systems and procedures used by unions and employers to determine the reward for effort and other conditions of employment, to protect the interests of the employed and their employers and to regulate the ways in which employers treat their employees.
- According to V.B. Singh
Industrial Relations are a set of functional interdependence involving historical, economic, social, psychological, demographic, technological, occupational, political and legal variables.
- According to H. Richardson
Industrial Relations is an art, the art of living together for purpose of production.
- According to Dale Yoder
Industrial Relation is relationship between management and employees or among employees and their organizations that characterize or grow out employment.
- According to RA Lester
Industrial Relations involve attempts to have workable solutions between conflicting objectives and values, between incentive and economic security, between industrial democracy and discipline, between authority and freedom and between bargaining and co-operation.
- According to Clegg, et al
Meaning
The term ‘Industrial Relations’ refers to all types of relationships between all the parties concerned with industry. The parties related to industry are the workers and the management representing the owners. Thus, industrial relations connote a vast complex relationships between management and employees, union and management, union and employees and between employees themselves. Both parties to industrial relations have a common interest in industry, but m any a time, they are found to be pulling in different directions which leads to industrial unrest. Therefore, it has become necessary to secure the cooperation of both workers and management to achieve good industrial relations.
Besides management and workers, State is another party associated with industrial relations. The interference of Government in industrial relations through legal and administrative measures is quite common. Thus, the area of industrial relations has been extended to relations among the State, employer and employees. Such relations are however, complex and multidimensional, resting on economic, social, psychological, ethical, occupational, political and legal levels.
Definitions
- According to Michael Armstrong
Industrial Relations is concerned with the systems and procedures used by unions and employers to determine the reward for effort and other conditions of employment, to protect the interests of the employed and their employers and to regulate the ways in which employers treat their employees.
- According to V.B. Singh
Industrial Relations are a set of functional interdependence involving historical, economic, social, psychological, demographic, technological, occupational, political and legal variables.
- According to H. Richardson
Industrial Relations is an art, the art of living together for purpose of production.
- According to Dale Yoder
Industrial Relation is relationship between management and employees or among employees and their organizations that characterize or grow out employment.
- According to RA Lester
Industrial Relations involve attempts to have workable solutions between conflicting objectives and values, between incentive and economic security, between industrial democracy and discipline, between authority and freedom and between bargaining and co-operation.
- According to Clegg, et al
Industrial relations is the study of all aspects of job regulation – the making and administering of the rules which regulate employment relationships, regardless of whether these are seen as being formal or informal, structured or unstructured.
7. According to Derry, Plowman and Walsh
In its broadest sense, Industrial Relations is about the behavior and interaction of people at work. It is concerned with how individuals, groups, organizations and institutions make decisions which shape the employment relationship between management and labour.
8. According to Flanders
The only aspect of business enterprise with which industrial relations is concerned is the employment aspect; the relations between the enterprise and its employees and among those employees themselves. The study of industrial relations may therefore be described as study of the institutions of job regulation.
9. According to Prof. Dunlop
Industrial relations may be defined as the complex of inter-relations among workers, managers and government.
10. According to Encyclopedia Britannica
The subject of industrial relations includes individual relations and joint consultation between employers and workers at the place or work, collective relations between employers and their organizations and trade unions and part played by the State in regulating these relations.
11. According to Bethel, et al.
Industrial relations is that part of management which is concerned with the manpower of the enterprise-whether machine operator, skilled worker or manager.
12. According to Derry, Plowman and Walsh
In its broadest sense, Industrial Relations is about the behavior and interaction of people at work. It is concerned with how individuals, groups, organizations and institutions make decisions which shape the employment relationship between management and labour.
13. According to Flanders
The only aspect of business enterprise with which industrial relations is concerned is the employment aspect; the relations between the enterprise and its employees and among those employees themselves. The study of industrial relations may therefore be described as study of the institutions of job regulation.
14. According to Prof. Dunlop
Industrial relations may be defined as the complex of inter-relations among workers, managers and government.
15. According to Encyclopedia Britannica
The subject of industrial relations includes individual relations and joint consultation between employers and workers at the place or work, collective relations between employers and their organizations and trade unions and part played by the State in regulating these relations.
16. According to Bethel, et al.
Industrial relations is that part of management which is concerned with the manpower of the enterprise-whether machine operator, skilled worker or manager.